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Learn Korean / Korean language
« Last post by Tysh on December 27, 2017, 04:03:06 pm »Hangeul is the Korean alphabet, which has been used to write the Korean language since its creation in the 15th century by Sejong the Great.
It is the official writing system of South Korea and North Korea.
The alphabet consists of 19 consonants and 21 vowels. Instead of being written sequentially, like the letters of the Latin alphabet, Hangul letters are grouped into syllabic blocks. For example, the Korean word for "honeybee" is written "꿀벌", not "ㄲㅜㄹㅂㅓㄹ". As in traditional Japanese and Chinese writing, texts written in Hangul were historically written top to bottom, right to left, and are occasionally still written this way for stylistic purposes. Today, Hangul is typically written from left to right with spaces between words and western-style punctuation.
Many linguists consider Hangul to be the most logical writing system in the world, partly because the shapes of its consonants mimic the shapes of the speaker's mouth when pronouncing each consonant.
The Korean alphabet was originally called Hunminjeongeum (훈민정음), after the document that introduced the script to the Korean people in 1446.
Today, South Koreans call the Korean alphabet Hangeul (한글), a name coined by Korean linguist Ju Si-gyeong in 1912. The name combines the archaic Korean word han (한), meaning "great", and geul (글), meaning "script". The word han is used to refer to Korea in general, so the name could also be interpreted to mean "Korean script".
Until the early 20th century, the Korean elite preferred to write using Chinese characters (Hanja). They referred to Hanja as jinseo (진서) or "true letters"
Before the creation of Hangul, people in Korea primarily wrote using Classical Chinese alongside native phonetic writing systems that predate Hangul by hundreds of years, including Idu, Hyangchal, Gugyeol, and Gakpil.[14][15][16][17] However, due to the fundamental differences between the Korean and Chinese languages, and the large number of characters needed to be learned, many lower class Koreans were illiterate.[18] In order to promote literacy among the common people, Sejong the Great, the fourth king of the Joseon dynasty, personally created and promulgated a new alphabet.[18][19]
Hangul was designed so that even people with little education could learn to read and write. A popular saying about the alphabet is, "A wise man can acquaint himself with them before the morning is over; even a stupid man can learn them in the space of ten days."[20]
The project was completed in late December 1443 or January 1444, and described in 1446 in a document titled Hunminjeongeum ("The Proper Sounds for the Education of the People"), after which the alphabet itself was originally named.[13] The publication date of the Hunminjeongeum, October 9, became Hangul Day in South Korea. Its North Korean equivalent, Chosŏn'gŭl Day, is on January 15.
Hangul letters are called "jamo (자모)". There are 19 consonants and 21 vowels used in modern Hangul.
ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
Initial g kk n d tt r m b pp s ss – j jj ch k t p h
Final k k n t – l m p – t t ng t – t k t p h
ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ
a ae ya yae eo e yeo ye o wa wae oe yo u wo we wi yu eu ui i
It is the official writing system of South Korea and North Korea.
The alphabet consists of 19 consonants and 21 vowels. Instead of being written sequentially, like the letters of the Latin alphabet, Hangul letters are grouped into syllabic blocks. For example, the Korean word for "honeybee" is written "꿀벌", not "ㄲㅜㄹㅂㅓㄹ". As in traditional Japanese and Chinese writing, texts written in Hangul were historically written top to bottom, right to left, and are occasionally still written this way for stylistic purposes. Today, Hangul is typically written from left to right with spaces between words and western-style punctuation.
Many linguists consider Hangul to be the most logical writing system in the world, partly because the shapes of its consonants mimic the shapes of the speaker's mouth when pronouncing each consonant.
The Korean alphabet was originally called Hunminjeongeum (훈민정음), after the document that introduced the script to the Korean people in 1446.
Today, South Koreans call the Korean alphabet Hangeul (한글), a name coined by Korean linguist Ju Si-gyeong in 1912. The name combines the archaic Korean word han (한), meaning "great", and geul (글), meaning "script". The word han is used to refer to Korea in general, so the name could also be interpreted to mean "Korean script".
Until the early 20th century, the Korean elite preferred to write using Chinese characters (Hanja). They referred to Hanja as jinseo (진서) or "true letters"
Before the creation of Hangul, people in Korea primarily wrote using Classical Chinese alongside native phonetic writing systems that predate Hangul by hundreds of years, including Idu, Hyangchal, Gugyeol, and Gakpil.[14][15][16][17] However, due to the fundamental differences between the Korean and Chinese languages, and the large number of characters needed to be learned, many lower class Koreans were illiterate.[18] In order to promote literacy among the common people, Sejong the Great, the fourth king of the Joseon dynasty, personally created and promulgated a new alphabet.[18][19]
Hangul was designed so that even people with little education could learn to read and write. A popular saying about the alphabet is, "A wise man can acquaint himself with them before the morning is over; even a stupid man can learn them in the space of ten days."[20]
The project was completed in late December 1443 or January 1444, and described in 1446 in a document titled Hunminjeongeum ("The Proper Sounds for the Education of the People"), after which the alphabet itself was originally named.[13] The publication date of the Hunminjeongeum, October 9, became Hangul Day in South Korea. Its North Korean equivalent, Chosŏn'gŭl Day, is on January 15.
Hangul letters are called "jamo (자모)". There are 19 consonants and 21 vowels used in modern Hangul.
ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
Initial g kk n d tt r m b pp s ss – j jj ch k t p h
Final k k n t – l m p – t t ng t – t k t p h
ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ
a ae ya yae eo e yeo ye o wa wae oe yo u wo we wi yu eu ui i